"USBSTOR.sys" file is USB Mass Storage Driver for detect USB Mass Storage Device(s). You can find it in folder location "C:\Windows\System32\drivers". ‘.SYS’ files communicate with Operating System directly and guide Operating System what to do with device and how to do.

Operating System has one utility (so called, Driver Detection/New Hardware Found) for new device detection and registration for correct version of device driver to communicate with Operating System. Driver Detection utility needs INF and PNF file for device detection and registration for communication with hardware. You can find them in folder location, "C:\Windows\inf".

[Additional Information, INF file has all driver setup information and PNF file has some dependency and additional information of driver (in nontechnical words) (Technical team is Precompiled Setup Information).]

Some time USB Mass Storage Device has problems due to driver installation and un-installation frequently OR due to any possible bug of installer/setup. Installer can delete .INF, .PNF and/or .SYS file(s).

Windows 7 has almost every Device Driver backup in folder location, "C:\Windows\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\". Go there and search folder "USBStor.inf_******" (* is driver identity number). It will have three files of USB Mass Storage Driver. Please follow instructions to restore them,

1. Copy "usbstor.inf" file and "usbstor.pnf" file, and place in location "C:\Windows\inf".

2. Copy "usbstor.sys" file and place in location "C:\Windows\System32\drivers".

3. Reboot Operating System.

4. Say AHO! After login. (Please note without AHO! USB will not work. A Joke)

5. Insert USB and use it.

Again AHO!

public static log4net.Appender.IAppender[] GetAllAppenders()
        {
            ArrayList appenders = new ArrayList();
            log4net.Repository.Hierarchy.Hierarchy h =
                (log4net.Repository.Hierarchy.Hierarchy)log4net.LogManager.GetLoggerRepository();
            appenders.AddRange(h.Root.Appenders);
            return (log4net.Appender.IAppender[])appenders.ToArray(typeof(log4net.Appender.IAppender));
        }

This function will give you all Appenders defined under log4net tag in .config file.

        public static FileAppender GetFileAppender()
        {
            IAppender[] appenderList = GetAllAppenders();
            FileAppender fileAppender = null;
            foreach (IAppender appender in appenderList)
            {
                if (appender.GetType().FullName == typeof(RollingFileAppender).FullName)
                {
                    fileAppender = (FileAppender)appender;
                    break;
                }
            }
            return fileAppender;
        }

This function will give return File Appender to get all information defined regarding File in RollingFileAppender under log4net tree.

FileAppender apprender = GetFileAppender();
log_path = apprender.File;

This code will give you File Path defined in .config file using log4net tag tree. FileAppender instance has some other useful information which may required in any log as per need.

Best of Luck!
End with Aho!

[link] http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_toc.htm

1. Right-click on the Outlook icon in the Notification Area, next to the clock.

2. In the resulting menu, select Hide When Minimized.

private static OleDbDataReader myReader;
private static DBManager dbObject;
public static void readDatabaseDate( string filePath, string selectQuery )
{
  String conString = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + filePath + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
  dbObject = new DBManager( conString );
  dbObject.open( );
  myReader = dbObject.SelectQuery( selectQuery );
}

Select Query will be "SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$A5:BU65536]".

C# always make our life easy.

Enjoy and say AHO!

You can translate above code in any language (either Java or C#). It was written in C language.

"That this assembly resolves that the national flag of the federation of Pakistan be of the following description.

"A dark green rectangular flag in the proportion of length and width 3:2 with a white vertical bar at the mast, the green portion bearing a white crescent in the centre and a five-pointed white heraldic star. The size of the white portion being one-fourth the size of the flag, nearest the mast, the remainder three-fourths being dark green. the dimensions of the crescent and star are obtained as follows:

"Draw the diagonal from the top right hand corner to the bottom left corner of the green portion. On this diagonal establish two points ‘A’ and ‘B’. Point ‘A’ at a distance equidistant from top right and bottom left hand corners of the green portion, i.e. the centre of the green portion. Point ‘B’ at a distance from the top right hand corner equal to 13/20th the width of the flag. With centre point ‘A’ and radius 1.1/4th the width of the flag describe a second arc. The enclosures made by these two arcs form the crescent. The dimensions of the five-pointed white heraldic star are determined by drawing a circle 1/10th the width of the flag. The circle surrounds the five points of the heraldic star. The star lies with one point on the diagonal at a point where the larger arc of the crescent, if completed, cuts the diagonal."

Special thanks to pakistani.org and flagspot.net.

Text taken from http://www.pakistani.org/pakistan/flagspec.html
Image taken from http://flagspot.net/flags/pk’.html

/**
* LOGGING LEVEL
* ***************
* Macro                        Reason
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* __DEBUG_LEVEL_LOG__          Complete logging including debug level, info level, warning level and error level
* __INFO_LEVEL_LOG__           Logging including info level, warning level and error level
* __WARNING_LEVEL_LOG__        Logging including warning level and error level
* __ERROR_LEVEL_LOG__          Logging including error level
*
* __DEBUG_LEVEL_LOG_ONLY__     Logging of debug level only
* __INFO_LEVEL_LOG_ONLY__      Logging of info level only
* __WARNING_LEVEL_LOG_ONLY__   Logging of warning level only
* __ERROR_LEVEL_LOG_ONLY__     Logging of error level only
*
**/

#define __DEBUG_LEVEL_LOG__
#define __PRINT_LEVEL_LOG__
#define __LINUX_USER_SPACE__ // __LINUX_KERNEL_SPACE__

#ifdef __DEBUG_LEVEL_LOG__
        #define __INFO_LEVEL_LOG__
        #define __WARNING_LEVEL_LOG__
        #define __ERROR_LEVEL_LOG__
#endif

#ifdef __INFO_LEVEL_LOG__
        #define __WARNING_LEVEL_LOG__
        #define __ERROR_LEVEL_LOG__
#endif

#ifdef __WARNING_LEVEL_LOG__
        #define __ERROR_LEVEL_LOG__
#endif

#ifdef __DEBUG_LEVEL_LOG_ONLY__
    #define __DEBUG_LEVEL_LOG__
#endif

#ifdef __INFO_LEVEL_LOG_ONLY__
    #define __INFO_LEVEL_LOG__
#endif

#ifdef __WARNING_LEVEL_LOG_ONLY__
    #define __WARNING_LEVEL_LOG__
#endif

#ifdef __ERROR_LEVEL_LOG_ONLY__
    #define __ERROR_LEVEL_LOG__
#endif

#ifdef __PRINT_LEVEL_LOG__
  #ifdef __LINUX_KERNEL_SPACE__
    #define print(format, …) printk(format, ## __VA_ARGS__);
  #endif
  #ifdef __LINUX_USER_SPACE__
    #define print(format, …) printf(format, ## __VA_ARGS__);
  #else
    #define print(format, …)
  #endif
#else
    #define print(format, …)
#endif

#ifdef __DEBUG_LEVEL_LOG__
    #define debug(format, …) { \
        print("DEBUG   : [%s() : %s : %d] : ", __FUNCTION__, __FILE__, __LINE__); \
        print(format, ## __VA_ARGS__); \
        print("\n"); \
    }
#else
    #define debug(format, …)
#endif

Please create "info, warning and error" logging statement according to Debugging Logging macro. First three macros will help us to enable/disable logging and defines logging level.

Enjoy it! and say "AHO!"

#include <stdio.h>

void main()
{
  char fun[80];
  int value = 1943743;
  sprintf(fun, "%d", value);
}

Enjoy and say AHO!

پاکستان ایک عشق ایک جنوں

Pakistan Zindabad!